Landfill Life
The Bi-County Landfill, which must have all solid waste disposal areas permitted by the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC), has ample land acreage available to provide necessary services.
Area
Bi-County sits on over 550 acres of land. Seventy-five (75) acres are closed, and 53 acres are currently being used. New sections were opened in 2007. A new liner system is being constructed for use this winter.
Liner System
A two-foot thick re-compacted clay liner, meeting strict standards, overlain with a 60-milliliter Flexible Membrane Liner, made of HDPE plastic, with a leachate (liquids) collection system is used. All leachate is collected and transported off-site for treatment and disposal at a permitted aqueous waste treatment facility. Pilot tests are conducted on leachate (liquid that comes in contact with the trash) to clean it well enough to use as a spray irrigant.
Ground Water Monitoring
Groundwater monitoring wells are placed strategically around the site. Background tests were done, and now semi-annual tests are being conducted. A voluntary monitoring program is being done at a closed section of our site.
Gas Monitoring
Quarterly monitoring is conducted across the entire site, in addition to strategically placed monitoring probes.
Additional Facts About Bi-County
Fact: Because of the land swap with Fort Campbell in 2008, our landfill has space to expand and create, at least, seven decades of additional life.
The anticipated timeline of where we are and our intermediate and long-term plans is as follows:
- We recently completed construction on a six-acre cell that provides 2.5 years of landfill life. We have approximately 5.5 years of permitted life remaining at the landfill.
- As this new cell is filled, we continue to develop the Fort Campbell property acquired through the 2007 land swap, and we are currently working to obtain a permit for 135 acres of the property. Once approved by TDEC, the 135-acre expansion is expected to extend landfill life by at least 70 additional years.
Fact: Refuse from residents in Montgomery and Stewart Counties, as well as Fort Campbell, will continue to go to the Bi-County landfill as usual. There are no immediate or long-term plans to send the trash to any other location.
Fact: In 1994, Bi-County began to operate as an enterprise fund, no longer using tax dollars. Since then, Bi-County funding sources have been user fees, tipping fees, and recycling income.
Fact: A landfill is very different than a dump. Dumps are a thing of the past and are illegal in the United States because of environmental concerns. Prepping, operating, and maintaining a landfill is a lengthy, complex, and ongoing process. The primary objective of a landfill site is to implement effective control measures to prevent or reduce adverse environmental impacts, in particular, pollution of surface water, groundwater, soil, and air.
Fact: Landfill Space refers to the amount of acreage available for the permitting process. Once landfill space is permitted to accept waste, AirSpace is the amount of trash allowed in the permitted area (going upward into the air). Landfill space must be tested, prepared, and permitted before it can be used for waste disposal. Permitting a landfill requires a lengthy permitting process that must be done in sections, rather than all at once.
Fact: If you pay a private company to pick up your trash, you are paying for the convenience of using their services to pick up your trash, which is not the landfill user fee. The User Fee covers the costs of convention center operations. Convenience centers are also subsidized by tipping fees. The convenience/recycling centers are open to all Montgomery and Stewart County residents for trash drop-off and recycling. The main landfill is open to residents for large items/loads that trash services cannot handle, latex paint, and electronics. Residents also have access to Household Hazardous Waste Collection days at no additional cost.
Fact: Running a landfill is a major responsibility that requires complex processes, procedures, and policies. A landfill is a commodity that all communities need. Gone are the days when you would find an unused piece of land and start throwing it in your trash. These are the steps it takes:
- Identify the area that will be used on the landfill site
- Perform geological studies
- Perform an environmental study
- Perform engineering studies
- Excavate the designated area
- Groundwater. Geologists look for the groundwater table and work up from there.
- Soil is removed to a subgrade level
- Compacted clay – (Clay must be compacted in layers. Six inches per layer until a two-foot clay liner has been installed and meets specific standards.)
- Plastic liner – a 60 mi. HDPE plastic liner is installed. The liner has to be welded into one solid piece.) Another geotextile liner is installed for added protection.
- The leachate collection piping system is installed.
- Washed Stone - A layer of washed stone is installed. The stone has a dual purpose: 1. Protecting the liners when trucks and equipment are present, and as a filtration system for leachate (see explanation below)
- Gas Venting - As trash decomposes, it produces Methane Gas. A gas piping system collects the methane gas to generate electricity.
- Trash/Garbage - The site is ready to accept and process the trash/garbage.
- Daily Cover - The trash/garbage must be covered daily to minimize odor, animal scavenging, and wind. Bi-County uses a daily cover material and covers with soil as required by the State every 14 days. Soil coverage takes up available air space, but is required.
- Leachate– Any liquid that comes in contact with the trash, such as rainwater or the juices produced when garbage decomposes. Leachate filters through stone into a collection system, where it is pumped into a treatment lagoon.
Fact: We are not running out of landfill space. Permitting is a long process. Professionals from the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, along with a private engineering company, work with Bi-County personnel to prepare and permit various areas of the site to handle more waste.
Fact: Whether the landfill receives 400 tons of garbage per day or 700 tons of garbage per day, it takes the same number of personnel and time to handle the trash. The volume makes no difference.
Fact: We can all make a difference. Reducing the amount of garbage you create and recycling are helpful. Recycling in our community currently saves two days of space per month.
Fact: As Bi-County looks at alternatives to accepting trash from outside counties, which has been the main source of keeping landfill user fees and tipping fees low, one of the options is to increase the tipping fee to private haulers by $5 per ton. The average household size in Clarksville is 2.9. If rates were passed on proportionately to customer households (based on average household size), there would be an increase of approximately $12 per year or $1 per month per family.
Fact: Bi-County landfill tipping fees, also known in other landfills as gate fees. are lower than more than 2/3rds of landfills across the U.S. It is challenging to compare the rates because communities charge these fees in many different ways. Our neighbors in Dickson County pay $10 a month in user fees. In some counties, residents are charged for each bag of trash or by the weight, and are often charged a landfill fee along with additional charges for items brought to the landfill.
Average monthly garbage rates in the United States are between $40 to $45 per month, partly due to high tipping fees. Clarksville-Montgomery County residents pay an average of $15 to $20 per month for the convenience of garbage pick-up.
Fact: A landfill site is required to be monitored and maintained for 30 years after closure.